Minerals
The word “mineral” is derived from the Latin minera (mine), which indicates the origin of the soil. Minerals are inorganic substances found in nature that do not come from plants or animals. We get minerals into our bodies through our food; we cannot make minerals ourselves. Minerals are also called dietary salts.
In nutrition terminology, a distinction is made between minerals and trace elements. Trace elements are minerals of which the body needs only small amounts, on the order of micrograms per day. The body needs larger amounts of minerals, on the order of grams and milligrams per day.
A further distinction is made between essential minerals and non-essential minerals. Of the essential minerals, it has been proven that the body does not function properly if they are missing. Essential minerals are: calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, chlorine, iron, iodine, copper, zinc, selenium, manganese, molybdenum, chromium and fluoride. Non-essential minerals are boron, sulfur and silicon. However, nonessential minerals may have health-promoting effects.
Minerals are essential to living plants and animals.
In humans, minerals contribute to normal child growth, maintenance of strong bones, normal neurotransmission, and they contribute to the normal functioning of the immune system, among other things. Minerals play a role in body processes because they are part of proteins, for example. A well-known example is the mineral iron. Iron is involved in the formation of red blood cells because it is part of the oxygen transporting protein hemoglobin. In the absence of iron, the protein hemoglobin cannot bind oxygen, so oxygen transport cannot occur. In addition, minerals are involved in the construction of proteins, signal transmission, acid-base balance and contribute to the capture of free radicals in (body) cells.
Deficiencies can lead to symptoms and disorders specific to the mineral that is deficient in the diet. Mineral deficiencies can lead to fatigue, anemia and decreased resistance, among other things. Mineral deficiencies occur all over the world, for example, as a result of inadequate nutrition, food processing, soil depletion and unilateral fertilization of crops.
Shortages lead to poorer health and can also have a negative effect on child development, pregnancy and the health of the elderly. In case of deficiencies, mineral supplements (temporary or otherwise) can provide a solution.