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Psoriasis
Mar
What is psoriasis?
Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition that causes cells to build up rapidly on the surface of the skin. The extra skin cells form scales and red patches that are sometimes itchy and painful. Psoriasis is a common condition that affects about 2-3% of the population. It can occur at any age, but most commonly develops in adults. There is no cure for psoriasis, but it can be managed with various treatments such as creams, light therapy, and medications.
The exact cause of psoriasis is not fully understood, but it is thought to be related to an immune system problem. People with psoriasis have an immune system that overreacts, causing inflammation and an acceleration of the growth cycle of skin cells. This leads to the accumulation of skin cells on the surface of the skin, resulting in the characteristic red, scaly patches of psoriasis.
There are several factors that may increase the risk of developing psoriasis, including:
- Genetics: Psoriasis tends to run in families, so people who have a family member with the condition are more likely to develop it themselves.
- Environmental factors: Certain things in the environment, such as infections, stress, and cold weather, may trigger the development of psoriasis or cause flare-ups of the condition.
- Certain medications: Some medications, such as lithium and beta blockers, may increase the risk of developing psoriasis or cause flare-ups of the condition.
- Other medical conditions: People with certain medical conditions, such as HIV or AIDS, are at an increased risk of developing psoriasis.
What does psoriasis look like?
Psoriasis can appear in many different forms and can affect any part of the body. The most common form of psoriasis is plaque psoriasis, which appears as raised, red patches covered with a silvery white buildup of dead skin cells. These patches, called plaques, are often found on the scalp, knees, and elbows, but can occur anywhere on the body.
Other forms of psoriasis include:
- Guttate psoriasis: This form of psoriasis appears as small, red dots or drops on the skin. It is often triggered by a bacterial infection, such as strep throat.
- Inverse psoriasis: This form of psoriasis appears as red, smooth patches in the folds of the skin, such as the armpits, groin, and under the breasts. It is often triggered by friction or sweating.
- Pustular psoriasis: This form of psoriasis appears as small, white pustules surrounded by red skin. It is a rare form of psoriasis that is often more severe and can be accompanied by fever, chills, and rapid heartbeat.
- Erythrodermic psoriasis: This is a rare and severe form of psoriasis that covers large areas of the body with a red, peeling rash. It can be accompanied by severe itching and pain, and can be life-threatening if left untreated.
If you think you may have psoriasis, it is important to see a doctor for a proper diagnosis and treatment.
What symptoms does psoriasis cause?
The main symptom of psoriasis is patches of red, scaly skin. These patches, called plaques, can be itchy and painful. They may also crack and bleed.
Other symptoms of psoriasis may include:
- Dry, cracked skin that may bleed
- Itching, burning, or soreness
- Thick, pitted nails
- Swollen and painful joints (in the case of psoriatic arthritis)
In severe cases of psoriasis, the plaques can cover large areas of the body and cause symptoms such as fever, chills, and rapid heartbeat.
If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to see a doctor for a proper diagnosis and treatment.
What is the treatment for psoriasis?
There is no cure for psoriasis, but it can be managed with various treatments. The goal of treatment is to reduce inflammation and slow the growth of skin cells. The type of treatment that is best for you will depend on the severity of your condition and the type of psoriasis you have.
Treatment options for psoriasis include:
- Topical treatments: These are medications that are applied to the skin. They include creams, ointments, gels, and shampoos. Topical treatments can be used to treat mild to moderate psoriasis.
- Light therapy: Also known as phototherapy, light therapy involves exposing the skin to controlled amounts of natural or artificial light. Light therapy can be effective in reducing inflammation and clearing the skin of psoriasis plaques.
- Oral medications: These are medications that are taken by mouth. They include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), immunosuppressants, and biologics. These medications can be used to treat moderate to severe psoriasis or psoriasis that is resistant to other treatments.
- Lifestyle changes: Making certain lifestyle changes, such as reducing stress and avoiding triggers that cause flare-ups, may help to manage symptoms of psoriasis.
If you think you may have psoriasis, it is important to see a doctor for a proper diagnosis and treatment.
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